Place 1/2 cup of pasteurized egg whites and 3 1/2 cups powdered sugar in the bowl of a stand mixer (or a large bowl if you plan to make with a hand mixer). Mix on a low speed to combine.
Once incorporated, mix on medium high (8 on a KitchenAid) with a whisk attachment for 5 minutes until stiff peaks form.
Swap the whisk attachment for a paddle attachment. This will help make your buttercream be smooth once it's fully made.
Mix in 1 1/2 cups of butter in small chunks on a low speed. Once the butter is incorporated, mix on medium speed for an additional 5 minutes. Mix until the buttercream is fluffy and smooth.
Add 1 Tbsp vanilla extract, 2 Tbsp matcha powder, and 1/2 tsp salt. Mix until combined, scraping the side of the bowl as needed.
If you frosting breaks in the beginning when you add the butter, don't worry! Just keep mixing it, and it should come together in a few minutes.
Stir for an additional few minutes by hand with a rubber spatula, to get it silky smooth. Set aside.